The Arrhinias: proboscis lateralis. Literature review and surgical update

visceral leishmaniasis: an update and literature review

conclusions development of novel drugs and diagnostic tests has allowed us to better manage vl. although leishmaniasis is one of the oldest known parasitic infectious diseases, increasing prevalence of vl among specific populations, recent reports of disease reactivation and flare-up in clinically asymptomatic patients after the onset of immunosuppressive therapy, the risk of disease acquisitio...

Proboscis lateralis with associated orbital cyst: detailed MR and CT imaging and correlative embryopathy.

Proboscis lateralis is a rare craniofacial malformation. We present a case in a 1-week-old male infant, describe the clinical and imaging findings, and discuss the pertinent embryology. MR and CT proved to be complementary: CT provided anatomic detail in bone, defined the nasal cavity, and aided in determining the relationship of the proboscis and orbit; MR clarified the relationship of the pro...

Quarterly Review of the Surgical Infection Literature

Radiotherapy and hepatocellular carcinoma: update and review of the literature.

Historically radiotherapy has always played a limited role for the treatment of HCC due to the low tolerance of the liver and the subsequent risk of radiation induced liver disease (RILD). Technologist advancements in radiation planning and treatment delivery such as Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) combined with Image Guided Radiotherapy (IGRT) has allowed us to further increase tumor dos...

Ocular toxoplasmosis: an update and review of the literature.

Ocular toxoplasmosis is the most common cause of posterior uveitis worldwide. The infection can be acquired congenitally or postnatally and ocular lesions may present during or years after the acute infection occur. Current treatment controls ocular infection and inflammation, but does not prevent recurrences. We present a review and update on ocular toxoplasmosis and address misconceptions sti...